Charcoal

Charcoal, particularly activated charcoal, is a form of carbon processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. It is commonly used to treat poisoning and overdoses following oral ingestion.

Indications

-Poisoning and drug overdoses -Gastrointestinal decontamination -Reduction of intestinal gas (flatulence) -Treatment of certain intestinal infections

Dosage

-Poisoning: 50-100 grams of activated charcoal given as a single dose. -Gastrointestinal decontamination: 25-50 grams every 4-6 hours if needed.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to activated charcoal or any component of the formulation. -Patients with unprotected airways (due to the risk of aspiration). -Gastrointestinal perforation or obstruction. -Ingestion of corrosive substances (e.g., acids or alkalis).

Special Precautions

-Use with caution in patients with decreased gastrointestinal motility. -Monitor for aspiration, particularly in patients who are not fully conscious. -May interfere with the absorption of other medications if administered concomitantly.

Side Effects

-Constipation -Black stools -Gastrointestinal obstruction (rare) -Aspiration into the lungs, leading to respiratory complications (rare)

Drug Interactions

-May reduce the effectiveness of other medications taken orally due to its adsorptive properties. -Separate administration times with other drugs to avoid reduced absorption.