DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE

Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant primarily used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is the d-threo-enantiomer of racemic methylphenidate and is believed to be more pharmacologically active.

Indications

-Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in patients aged 6 years and older -Narcolepsy (off-label, under medical guidance)

Dosage

-Initial Dose (children ?6 years): 2.5 mg twice daily - Adults: 10 mg/day, typically divided - Titration: Adjust in 2.5 to 5 mg increments weekly - Maximum Dose: 20 mg/day (immediate-release) Note: Dose may vary based on individual response and medical condition.

Contra-Indications

- Hypersensitivity to dexmethylphenidate or methylphenidate - Patients with marked anxiety, tension, or agitation - Glaucoma - Tourette's syndrome or tics - Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of MAOI use

Special Precautions

- Monitor for cardiovascular issues (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate) - May lower seizure threshold - Use with caution in patients with history of substance abuse - Risk of growth suppression in children with long-term use - Periodic assessment of therapy necessity is advised

Side Effects

- Insomnia - Decreased appetite - Headache - Anxiety - Nausea - Dizziness - Abdominal pain - Increased heart rate

Drug Interactions

- MAO inhibitors (contraindicated) - Antihypertensives (reduced efficacy) - CNS stimulants (additive effects) - Tricyclic antidepressants (increased risk of cardiovascular effects) - Antacids or acid-reducing agents may affect absorption