Amoxycillin

It is a semi-synthetic penicillin, an analogue of ampicillin, with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative micro-organisms. Amoxycillin is stable in presence of gastric acid and may be given without regard to meals. It acts through inhibition of biosynthesis of cell wall mucopeptide.

Indications

Respiratory, genito-urinary, skin and soft tissue, ENT infections due to susceptible strains of Gram negative organisms like. H.influenzae, E.coli, P.mirabilis and N. gonorrhoea. Gram positive organisms like streptococci (including streptococcus faecalis) D. pneumoniae and non-penicillase producing staphylococci.

Dosage

Adult: 250 mg-1 gm thrice daily. Children: 20 mg/kg body wt. in 3 divided doses.

Contra-Indications

Individuals with a history of an allergic reaction to the penicillins. Pregnancy.

Special Precautions

Periodic assessment of renal, hepatic and haematopoietic functions should be made during prolonged therapy. In case of Super infections with mycotic or bacterial pathogens (usually Enteobacter, Pseudomonas or Candida) the drug should be discontinued. Paediatrics: Safe. Pregnancy: No evidence of risk. Lactation: Safe. Elderly: No known problem.

Side Effects

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Urticaria, skin rashes and serum sickness. Rise in SGOT, Anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia and agranulocytosis.

Drug Interactions

Reduce absorption of oral contraceptives.