The African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) has initiated a large month-long operational research initiative in Lesotho, Namibia, and Zimbabwe to combat rising malaria infections and boost the region's long-term eradication efforts. The project, funded by a $150,000 World Bank grant, will run from November 14 to December 12, 2025, with the goal of developing practical, evidence-based solutions for some of Southern Africa's most vulnerable communities. 

Dr Lul Pout Riek, Director of the Southern Africa Regional Co-ordinating Centre, announced an initiative to collect evidence-based data for malaria management and elimination plans in endemic areas. By customising interventions to local needs, the study hopes to optimise responses, improve epidemic control, and ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality across the continent." 

Malaria, caused by parasites transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitos, is still one of Africa's deadliest but avoidable diseases. The study will look at how different larvicides, or chemicals used to kill mosquito larvae, function in real-world situations, as well as how integrated vector control measures can prevent mosquitoes from spreading the disease. 

Dr Mosoka Papa Fallah, Acting Director of the Science and Innovation Directorate, explained that researchers will use advanced analytical tools, including vector bionomics, mathematical modelling, and simulation, to better understand malaria dynamics. 

Vector bionomics is the study of mosquito behaviour, breeding patterns, and survival rates, all of which influence the rate at which malaria spreads.  The study will also explore for barriers to healthcare access during epidemic peaks, which are a common problem in rural and cross-border areas. 

Lesotho, one of the three selected Member States, has reported unusual localised breakouts. According to Mr Khotso Mahomo from the Ministry of Health, understanding the entomological profile of malaria would help inform national elimination initiatives. 

In this sense, entomology refers to the study of mosquito species responsible for transmission. 

Between December 2024 and January 2025, Namibia had 5,898 malaria cases, 840 hospitalisations, and 28 fatalities, with both local and imported infections contributing to the spread. 

"This research will help identify emerging drivers of transmission and social determinants of severe disease," Iyaloo Mwaningange, PhD, stated. She said that the findings will allow health workers to respond more quickly during epidemics. 

Zimbabwe has the greatest surge, with malaria cases up 180% and deaths up 218% this year. Professor Nicholas Midzi stated that the study will produce "actionable evidence" to improve vector management and inform cross-border strategies. 

The study will also look into indoor residual spraying, mass antimalarial therapy, supply chains, and the role of community health workers to help shape future national plans. 

"The Africa CDC remains committed to assisting member states in their efforts to control and eradicate malaria." This operational research is an important step towards developing evidence-based solutions to eradicate malaria in Southern Africa," the release added.